# Работа

Source: https://www.qaravan.org/ru/resources/work/

Как получить право работать, найти работу или бесплатное обучение и оформиться при найме. Рассказываем также, что вам положено по закону, куда жаловаться, если вам не платят или с вами несправедливо обращаются, и что делать с дипломом из другой страны.

Это общая информация, а не юридическая консультация: в QARAVAN нет юристов. QARAVAN не помогает въехать в США и не может оформить визу, приглашение, спонсорство или эвакуацию. По своему делу обратитесь к лицензированному иммиграционному адвокату или к представителю, аккредитованному Министерством юстиции США.

QARAVAN не оказывает юридических услуг и не решает за вас, как действовать в вашем деле, но поможет найти бесплатного юриста.

## Главное

- Легально работать нельзя, пока у вас нет EAD (Employment Authorization Document, разрешения на работу) или статуса, который сам даёт право работать. Подать на EAD можно через 150 дней после подачи заявления на убежище.
- Если вам не заплатили, бесплатно пожалуйтесь в New York State Department of Labor: форму можно загрузить [на сайте ведомства](https://dol.ny.gov/file-labor-standards-wage-theft-claim). Наказывать вас за жалобу закон запрещает.
- Никогда не платите за работу, за «срочное» разрешение на работу или за «гарантированное» трудоустройство: так действуют мошенники.

- [**1** Разрешение на работу (EAD) и номер Social Security](https://www.qaravan.org/ru/resources/work/work-permit/)
- [**2** Оформление на работу: форма I-9, E-Verify и что имеет право спрашивать работодатель](https://www.qaravan.org/ru/resources/work/hiring-paperwork/)
- [**3** Как найти работу: бесплатные центры, обучение и резюме](https://www.qaravan.org/ru/resources/work/finding-a-job/)
- [**4** Зарплата, сверхурочные и отпуск по болезни: что вам положено](https://www.qaravan.org/ru/resources/work/wages-and-hours/)
- [**5** Если вам не платят, вы пострадали на работе или вас уволили](https://www.qaravan.org/ru/resources/work/problems-at-work/)
- [**6** Дискриминация, травля и домогательства на работе, в том числе для ЛГБТК+ и трансгендерных работников](https://www.qaravan.org/ru/resources/work/discrimination/)
- [**7** Мошенничество с работой и поддельные «помощники»](https://www.qaravan.org/ru/resources/work/job-scams/)
- [**8** Диплом и профессия из другой страны: оценка документов и лицензии](https://www.qaravan.org/ru/resources/work/foreign-credentials/)
- [**9** Работа на себя: фриланс, налоги, ITIN и уличная торговля](https://www.qaravan.org/ru/resources/work/self-employment/)

**Источники, проверено: ноябрь 2026**

- [uscis.gov/i-765](https://www.uscis.gov/i-765)
- [uscis.gov/humanitarian/refugees-and-asylum/asylum](https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/refugees-and-asylum/asylum)
- [federalregister.gov/documents/2026/02/23/2026-03595/employment…](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/02/23/2026-03595/employment-authorization-reform-for-asylum-applicants)
- [uscis.gov/g-1055](https://www.uscis.gov/g-1055)
- [uscis.gov/i-912](https://www.uscis.gov/i-912)
- [federalregister.gov/documents/2026/10/01/2026-20187/fiscal-yea…](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/10/01/2026-20187/fiscal-year-2027-inflation-adjustment-to-hr-1-immigration-fees)
- [uscis.gov/newsroom/alerts/uscis-updates-fees-based-on-hr-1](https://www.uscis.gov/newsroom/alerts/uscis-updates-fees-based-on-hr-1)
- [uscis.gov/sites/default/files/document/policy-manual-updates/2…](https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/document/policy-manual-updates/20251204-EmploymentAuthorizationValidity.pdf)
- [federalregister.gov/documents/2026/10/14/2026-20955/removal-of…](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/10/14/2026-20955/removal-of-automatic-extensions-for-certain-employment-authorization-documents)
- [content.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDHSCIS/bulletins/3f927da](https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDHSCIS/bulletins/3f927da)
- [nyc.gov/site/immigrants/legal-resources/moia-immigration-legal…](https://www.nyc.gov/site/immigrants/legal-resources/moia-immigration-legal-support-hotline.page)
- [ssa.gov/ssnvisa/ebe.html](https://www.ssa.gov/ssnvisa/ebe.html)
- [ssa.gov/number-card/request-number-first-time](https://www.ssa.gov/number-card/request-number-first-time)
- [oig.ssa.gov/scam-alerts/2026-03-10-ssa-provides-new-and-replac…](https://oig.ssa.gov/scam-alerts/2026-03-10-ssa-provides-new-and-replacement-social-security-cards-for-free/)
- [nyc.gov/employment/programs/workforce1](https://www.nyc.gov/employment/programs/workforce1)
- [nyc.gov/site/sbs/careers/wf1-career-centers.page](https://www.nyc.gov/site/sbs/careers/wf1-career-centers.page)
- [nyc.gov/site/sbs/careers/training-grants.page](https://www.nyc.gov/site/sbs/careers/training-grants.page)
- [nypl.org/education/adults/career-services](https://www.nypl.org/education/adults/career-services)
- [nypl.org/blog/2025/12/15/drop-in-career-support-appointments-e…](https://www.nypl.org/blog/2025/12/15/drop-in-career-support-appointments-expanded)
- [emmastorch.org/apply](https://emmastorch.org/apply)
- [selfhelp.net/home-care-training](https://selfhelp.net/home-care-training/)
- [dol.ny.gov/minimum-wage-0](https://dol.ny.gov/minimum-wage-0)
- [dol.ny.gov/labor-standards-asylum-seekers-p335](https://dol.ny.gov/labor-standards-asylum-seekers-p335)
- [dol.ny.gov/labor-standards-asylum-seekers-p335r-russian](https://dol.ny.gov/labor-standards-asylum-seekers-p335r-russian)
- [dol.ny.gov/wage-theft-hub](https://dol.ny.gov/wage-theft-hub)
- [dol.ny.gov/location/contact-division-labor-standards](https://dol.ny.gov/location/contact-division-labor-standards)
- [nyc.gov/assets/dca/downloads/pdf/workers/WorkersBillOfRights-E…](https://www.nyc.gov/assets/dca/downloads/pdf/workers/WorkersBillOfRights-English.pdf)
- [nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/know-your-worker-rights…](https://www.nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/know-your-worker-rights.page)
- [nyc.gov/assets/dca/downloads/pdf/about/PaidSafeSickLeave-Manda…](https://www.nyc.gov/assets/dca/downloads/pdf/about/PaidSafeSickLeave-MandatoryNotice-English.pdf)
- [nyc.gov/site/dca/about/paid-sick-leave-law.page](https://www.nyc.gov/site/dca/about/paid-sick-leave-law.page)
- [nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/delivery-worker-rights-…](https://www.nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/delivery-worker-rights-english.page)
- [nyc.gov/site/dca/news/009-26/major-victory-nyc-](https://www.nyc.gov/site/dca/news/009-26/major-victory-nyc-)
- [nyc.gov/site/cchr/index.page](https://www.nyc.gov/site/cchr/index.page)
- [naces.org/members](https://www.naces.org/members)
- [ece.org/ECE/ECE-Aid](https://www.ece.org/ECE/ECE-Aid)
- [op.nysed.gov/professions](https://www.op.nysed.gov/professions)
- [op.nysed.gov/how-contact-us](https://www.op.nysed.gov/how-contact-us)
- [upwardlyglobal.org/free-expert-coaching](https://www.upwardlyglobal.org/free-expert-coaching/)
- [cooper.edu/continuing-education/retraining-program-immigrant-e…](https://cooper.edu/continuing-education/retraining-program-immigrant-engineers)
- [nyc.gov/site/dca/consumers/shopping-services-employment-englis…](https://www.nyc.gov/site/dca/consumers/shopping-services-employment-english.page)
- [consumer.ftc.gov/consumer-alerts/2026/04/job-offer-text-probab…](https://consumer.ftc.gov/consumer-alerts/2026/04/job-offer-text-probably-scam)
- [consumer.ftc.gov/consumer-alerts/2025/06/how-avoid-work-home-j…](https://consumer.ftc.gov/consumer-alerts/2025/06/how-avoid-work-home-job-scams)
- [reportfraud.ftc.gov](https://reportfraud.ftc.gov/)
- [nyc.gov/site/immigrants/legal-resources/avoid-immigration-serv…](https://www.nyc.gov/site/immigrants/legal-resources/avoid-immigration-services-fraud.page)
- [justice.gov/media/989441/dl?inline](https://www.justice.gov/media/989441/dl?inline)
- [justice.gov/media/989446/dl?inline](https://www.justice.gov/media/989446/dl?inline)
- [uscis.gov/i-9-central/acceptable-documents](https://www.uscis.gov/i-9-central/acceptable-documents)
- [uscis.gov/i-9-central/completing-form-i-9/completing-section-1…](https://www.uscis.gov/i-9-central/completing-form-i-9/completing-section-1-employee-information-and-attestation)
- [uscis.gov/i-9-central/completing-form-i-9/completing-section-2…](https://www.uscis.gov/i-9-central/completing-form-i-9/completing-section-2-employer-review-and-attestation)
- [e-verify.gov/faq/what-does-it-mean-if-my-employee-receives-a-t…](https://www.e-verify.gov/faq/what-does-it-mean-if-my-employee-receives-a-tentative-nonconfirmation-mismatch-and-what-must-i)
- [dol.ny.gov/salary-historypay-equity](https://dol.ny.gov/salary-historypay-equity)
- [nyc.gov/site/cchr/law/fair-chance-act.page](https://www.nyc.gov/site/cchr/law/fair-chance-act.page)
- [nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/job-hunters.page](https://www.nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/job-hunters.page)
- [eeoc.gov/how-file-charge-employment-discrimination](https://www.eeoc.gov/how-file-charge-employment-discrimination)
- [eeoc.gov/time-limits-filing-charge](https://www.eeoc.gov/time-limits-filing-charge)
- [eeoc.gov/sex-based-discrimination](https://www.eeoc.gov/sex-based-discrimination)
- [eeoc.gov/newsroom/eeoc-commission-votes-rescind-2024-harassmen…](https://www.eeoc.gov/newsroom/eeoc-commission-votes-rescind-2024-harassment-guidance)
- [dhr.ny.gov/report](https://dhr.ny.gov/report)
- [dhr.ny.gov/protected-characteristics](https://dhr.ny.gov/protected-characteristics)
- [nyc.gov/site/cchr/enforcement/complaint-process.page](https://www.nyc.gov/site/cchr/enforcement/complaint-process.page)
- [nyc.gov/site/cchr/law/legal-guidances-gender-identity-expressi…](https://www.nyc.gov/site/cchr/law/legal-guidances-gender-identity-expression.page)
- [lambdalegal.org/help](https://lambdalegal.org/help/)
- [dol.ny.gov/file-labor-standards-wage-theft-claim](https://dol.ny.gov/file-labor-standards-wage-theft-claim)
- [dol.ny.gov/unpaidwithheld-wages-and-wage-supplements](https://dol.ny.gov/unpaidwithheld-wages-and-wage-supplements)
- [dol.ny.gov/what-expect-labor-standards-wage-claim-investigation](https://dol.ny.gov/what-expect-labor-standards-wage-claim-investigation)
- [dol.ny.gov/retaliation](https://dol.ny.gov/retaliation)
- [dol.ny.gov/wage-theft-small-claims-court-information](https://dol.ny.gov/wage-theft-small-claims-court-information)
- [dol.ny.gov/wages-and-hours-frequently-asked-questions](https://dol.ny.gov/wages-and-hours-frequently-asked-questions)
- [dol.ny.gov/day-rest-and-meal-periods](https://dol.ny.gov/day-rest-and-meal-periods)
- [dol.ny.gov/getpaid](https://dol.ny.gov/getpaid)
- [dol.ny.gov/frequency-pay](https://dol.ny.gov/frequency-pay)
- [dol.ny.gov/notice-pay-rate](https://dol.ny.gov/notice-pay-rate)
- [dol.ny.gov/notices-employees](https://dol.ny.gov/notices-employees)
- [dol.ny.gov/new-american-resources-and-self-service-tools](https://dol.ny.gov/new-american-resources-and-self-service-tools)
- [dol.ny.gov/unemployment-claimant-benefit-process-0](https://dol.ny.gov/unemployment-claimant-benefit-process-0)
- [wcb.ny.gov/content/main/Workers/injured-workers-toolkit.jsp](https://www.wcb.ny.gov/content/main/Workers/injured-workers-toolkit.jsp)
- [osha.gov/workers/file-complaint](https://www.osha.gov/workers/file-complaint)
- [workersjustice.org](https://www.workersjustice.org/)
- [maketheroadny.org/issue/workplace-justice](https://maketheroadny.org/issue/workplace-justice/)
- [abetterbalance.org/get-help](https://www.abetterbalance.org/get-help/)
- [nycosh.org](https://nycosh.org/)
- [humantraffickinghotline.org/en/human-trafficking/labor-traffic…](https://humantraffickinghotline.org/en/human-trafficking/labor-trafficking)
- [nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/file-workplace-complain…](https://www.nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/file-workplace-complaint.page)
- [nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/paid-sick-leave-law-for…](https://www.nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/paid-sick-leave-law-for-workers.page)
- [nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/Delivery-Workers.page](https://www.nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/Delivery-Workers.page)
- [nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/freelancer-workers.page](https://www.nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/freelancer-workers.page)
- [careeronestop.org/JobSearch/Resumes/resumes.aspx](https://www.careeronestop.org/JobSearch/Resumes/resumes.aspx)
- [perscholas.org/apply](https://perscholas.org/apply/)
- [hotbreadkitchen.org](https://hotbreadkitchen.org/)
- [npower.org](https://npower.org/)
- [sunybeoc.org](https://sunybeoc.org/)
- [consumer.ftc.gov/articles/job-scams](https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/job-scams)
- [consumer.ftc.gov/consumer-alerts/2025/08/how-spot-avoid-task-s…](https://consumer.ftc.gov/consumer-alerts/2025/08/how-spot-avoid-task-scams)
- [op.nysed.gov/about/general-information-policies](https://www.op.nysed.gov/about/general-information-policies)
- [op.nysed.gov/professions/registered-professional-nursing/licen…](https://www.op.nysed.gov/professions/registered-professional-nursing/license-requirements/pathway-5)
- [cgfns.org](https://www.cgfns.org/)
- [irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/self-employm…](https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/self-employment-tax-social-security-and-medicare-taxes)
- [irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/estimated-ta…](https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/estimated-taxes)
- [irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-w-7](https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-w-7)
- [irs.gov/individuals/free-tax-return-preparation-for-qualifying…](https://www.irs.gov/individuals/free-tax-return-preparation-for-qualifying-taxpayers)
- [nyc.gov/site/dca/businesses/faq-general-vendor-licenses.page](https://www.nyc.gov/site/dca/businesses/faq-general-vendor-licenses.page)
- [nyc.gov/site/dca/businesses/street-vendors.page](https://www.nyc.gov/site/dca/businesses/street-vendors.page)
- [nyc.gov/site/doh/business/food-operators/mobile-and-temporary-…](https://www.nyc.gov/site/doh/business/food-operators/mobile-and-temporary-food-vendors.page)
- [uiappeals.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2025/05/part-2-chapter…](https://uiappeals.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2025/05/part-2-chapter-19-foreign-nationals.pdf)
- [dol.ny.gov/am-i-eligible-ui-benefits](https://dol.ny.gov/am-i-eligible-ui-benefits)
- [ny.gov/new-york-paid-sick-leave/new-york-paid-sick-leave](https://www.ny.gov/new-york-paid-sick-leave/new-york-paid-sick-leave)
- [dol.ny.gov/minimum-wage-tipped-workers](https://dol.ny.gov/minimum-wage-tipped-workers)
- [dol.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2024/12/p105-home-health-aid…](https://dol.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2024/12/p105-home-health-aide-10-23-24.pdf)
- [uscis.gov/i-589](https://www.uscis.gov/i-589)
- [justice.gov/crt/filing-charge](https://www.justice.gov/crt/filing-charge)
- [nyc.gov/site/cchr/about/report-discrimination.page](https://www.nyc.gov/site/cchr/about/report-discrimination.page)
- [webapps.dhr.ny.gov/discrimination-report](https://webapps.dhr.ny.gov/discrimination-report)
- [nyc.gov/site/dca/consumers/check-license.page](https://www.nyc.gov/site/dca/consumers/check-license.page)
- [nyc.gov/site/dca/consumers/file-complaint.page](https://www.nyc.gov/site/dca/consumers/file-complaint.page)
- [portal.311.nyc.gov/about-nyc-311](https://portal.311.nyc.gov/about-nyc-311/)
- [wcb.ny.gov/content/main/TheBoard/Translations/language-access-…](https://www.wcb.ny.gov/content/main/TheBoard/Translations/language-access-policy.jsp)
- [ssa.gov/ssnumber/request_number_for_first_time.html](https://www.ssa.gov/ssnumber/request_number_for_first_time.html)
- [nyc.gov/assets/immigrants/downloads/pdf/English-IAH.pdf](https://www.nyc.gov/assets/immigrants/downloads/pdf/English-IAH.pdf)
- [humantraffickinghotline.org/en/contact](https://humantraffickinghotline.org/en/contact)
- [dos.ny.gov/news/new-york-state-office-new-americans-announces-…](https://dos.ny.gov/news/new-york-state-office-new-americans-announces-expanded-new-americans-hotline-serve-more)
- [nycosh.org/contact](https://nycosh.org/contact/)
- [uscis.gov/sites/default/files/document/forms/i-765instr.pdf](https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/document/forms/i-765instr.pdf)
- [manifestlaw.com/news/uscis-phases-out-older-form-i765](https://manifestlaw.com/news/uscis-phases-out-older-form-i765)
- [uscis.gov/i-765](https://www.uscis.gov/i-765)
- [uscis.gov/sites/default/files/document/forms/g-1055.pdf](https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/document/forms/g-1055.pdf)
- [e-verify.gov/e-verify-user-manual-30-case-results-33-tentative…](https://www.e-verify.gov/e-verify-user-manual-30-case-results-33-tentative-nonconfirmation-tnc/331-notify-employee-of-tnc)
- [legalservicesnyc.org/get-help-with-a-legal-issue](https://www.legalservicesnyc.org/get-help-with-a-legal-issue/)
- [legalservicesnyc.org/resources/workers-rights](https://www.legalservicesnyc.org/resources/workers-rights/)
- [uscis.gov/sites/default/files/document/forms/i-9.pdf](https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/document/forms/i-9.pdf)
- [uscis.gov/policy-manual/volume-8-part-k-chapter-2](https://www.uscis.gov/policy-manual/volume-8-part-k-chapter-2)
- [irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/self-employm…](https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/self-employment-tax-social-security-and-medicare-taxes)