Trabajo
Cómo obtener el derecho a trabajar, encontrar empleo o capacitación gratuita y hacer los trámites al ser contratado. También explicamos qué le corresponde por ley, dónde presentar una queja si no le pagan o lo tratan injustamente, y qué hacer con un título de otro país.
Esta es información general, no asesoría legal: en QARAVAN no hay abogados. QARAVAN no ayuda a entrar a EE. UU. y no puede tramitar visas, invitaciones, patrocinios ni evacuaciones. Para su caso, consulte a un abogado de inmigración con licencia o a un representante acreditado por el Departamento de Justicia de EE. UU.
QARAVAN no ofrece servicios legales y no decide por usted cómo actuar en su caso, pero le ayudará a encontrar un abogado gratuito.
Lo esencial
- No puede trabajar legalmente mientras no tenga un EAD (Employment Authorization Document, permiso de trabajo) o un estatus que por sí mismo le dé derecho a trabajar. Puede solicitar el EAD 150 días después de presentar la solicitud de asilo.
- Si no le pagaron, presente una queja gratuita ante el New York State Department of Labor: puede subir el formulario en el sitio web de la agencia. La ley prohíbe castigarlo por presentar la queja.
- Nunca pague por un trabajo, por un permiso de trabajo «urgente» ni por un empleo «garantizado»: así actúan los estafadores.
- 1Permiso de trabajo (EAD) y número de Social Security
- 2Contratación: el formulario I-9, E-Verify y qué tiene derecho a preguntar el empleador
- 3Cómo encontrar trabajo: centros gratuitos, capacitación y currículum
- 4Salario, horas extra y días por enfermedad: lo que le corresponde
- 5Si no le pagan, se lesionó en el trabajo o lo despidieron
- 6Discriminación, hostigamiento y acoso sexual en el trabajo, también para trabajadores LGBTQ+ y trans
- 7Fraudes de empleo y falsos «ayudantes»
- 8Título y profesión de otro país: evaluación de documentos y licencias
- 9Trabajar por cuenta propia: trabajo independiente, impuestos, ITIN y venta ambulante
Fuentes, revisado: noviembre de 2026
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- uscis.gov/humanitarian/refugees-and-asylum/asylum
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- uscis.gov/g-1055
- uscis.gov/i-912
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- uscis.gov/newsroom/alerts/uscis-updates-fees-based-on-hr-1
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- nyc.gov/site/immigrants/legal-resources/moia-immigration-legal…
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- nyc.gov/employment/programs/workforce1
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- nyc.gov/site/sbs/careers/training-grants.page
- nypl.org/education/adults/career-services
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- emmastorch.org/apply
- selfhelp.net/home-care-training
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- dol.ny.gov/labor-standards-asylum-seekers-p335r-russian
- dol.ny.gov/wage-theft-hub
- dol.ny.gov/location/contact-division-labor-standards
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- nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/know-your-worker-rights…
- nyc.gov/assets/dca/downloads/pdf/about/PaidSafeSickLeave-Manda…
- nyc.gov/site/dca/about/paid-sick-leave-law.page
- nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/delivery-worker-rights-…
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- nyc.gov/site/cchr/index.page
- naces.org/members
- ece.org/ECE/ECE-Aid
- op.nysed.gov/professions
- op.nysed.gov/how-contact-us
- upwardlyglobal.org/free-expert-coaching
- cooper.edu/continuing-education/retraining-program-immigrant-e…
- nyc.gov/site/dca/consumers/shopping-services-employment-englis…
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- consumer.ftc.gov/consumer-alerts/2025/06/how-avoid-work-home-j…
- reportfraud.ftc.gov
- nyc.gov/site/immigrants/legal-resources/avoid-immigration-serv…
- justice.gov/media/989441/dl?inline
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- uscis.gov/i-9-central/acceptable-documents
- uscis.gov/i-9-central/completing-form-i-9/completing-section-1…
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- e-verify.gov/faq/what-does-it-mean-if-my-employee-receives-a-t…
- dol.ny.gov/salary-historypay-equity
- nyc.gov/site/cchr/law/fair-chance-act.page
- nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/job-hunters.page
- eeoc.gov/how-file-charge-employment-discrimination
- eeoc.gov/time-limits-filing-charge
- eeoc.gov/sex-based-discrimination
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- dhr.ny.gov/report
- dhr.ny.gov/protected-characteristics
- nyc.gov/site/cchr/enforcement/complaint-process.page
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- lambdalegal.org/help
- dol.ny.gov/file-labor-standards-wage-theft-claim
- dol.ny.gov/unpaidwithheld-wages-and-wage-supplements
- dol.ny.gov/what-expect-labor-standards-wage-claim-investigation
- dol.ny.gov/retaliation
- dol.ny.gov/wage-theft-small-claims-court-information
- dol.ny.gov/wages-and-hours-frequently-asked-questions
- dol.ny.gov/day-rest-and-meal-periods
- dol.ny.gov/getpaid
- dol.ny.gov/frequency-pay
- dol.ny.gov/notice-pay-rate
- dol.ny.gov/notices-employees
- dol.ny.gov/new-american-resources-and-self-service-tools
- dol.ny.gov/unemployment-claimant-benefit-process-0
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- osha.gov/workers/file-complaint
- workersjustice.org
- maketheroadny.org/issue/workplace-justice
- abetterbalance.org/get-help
- nycosh.org
- humantraffickinghotline.org/en/human-trafficking/labor-traffic…
- nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/file-workplace-complain…
- nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/paid-sick-leave-law-for…
- nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/Delivery-Workers.page
- nyc.gov/site/dca/workers/workersrights/freelancer-workers.page
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- op.nysed.gov/professions/registered-professional-nursing/licen…
- cgfns.org
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- irs.gov/individuals/free-tax-return-preparation-for-qualifying…
- nyc.gov/site/dca/businesses/faq-general-vendor-licenses.page
- nyc.gov/site/dca/businesses/street-vendors.page
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- uiappeals.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2025/05/part-2-chapter…
- dol.ny.gov/am-i-eligible-ui-benefits
- ny.gov/new-york-paid-sick-leave/new-york-paid-sick-leave
- dol.ny.gov/minimum-wage-tipped-workers
- dol.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2024/12/p105-home-health-aid…
- uscis.gov/i-589
- justice.gov/crt/filing-charge
- nyc.gov/site/cchr/about/report-discrimination.page
- webapps.dhr.ny.gov/discrimination-report
- nyc.gov/site/dca/consumers/check-license.page
- nyc.gov/site/dca/consumers/file-complaint.page
- portal.311.nyc.gov/about-nyc-311
- wcb.ny.gov/content/main/TheBoard/Translations/language-access-…
- ssa.gov/ssnumber/request_number_for_first_time.html
- nyc.gov/assets/immigrants/downloads/pdf/English-IAH.pdf
- humantraffickinghotline.org/en/contact
- dos.ny.gov/news/new-york-state-office-new-americans-announces-…
- nycosh.org/contact
- uscis.gov/sites/default/files/document/forms/i-765instr.pdf
- manifestlaw.com/news/uscis-phases-out-older-form-i765
- uscis.gov/i-765
- uscis.gov/sites/default/files/document/forms/g-1055.pdf
- e-verify.gov/e-verify-user-manual-30-case-results-33-tentative…
- legalservicesnyc.org/get-help-with-a-legal-issue
- legalservicesnyc.org/resources/workers-rights
- uscis.gov/sites/default/files/document/forms/i-9.pdf
- uscis.gov/policy-manual/volume-8-part-k-chapter-2
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